|
     
|
The Sumo Ranking SystemProfessional Sumo in Japan consists of six divisions. Ranked from bottom to top, they are: jonokuchi, jonidan, sandamne, makushita, juryo, and makuuchi. The only way to advance is to obtain a winning record or, kachi-koshi, in one of the six annual bashos. A losing record, or make-koshi, in a basho can result in a demotion to a lower rank. As a member of the lower ranks of jonokuchi, jonidan, sandamne, and makushita, each sumotori competes in seven matches in a basho. As such, a 4-3 or better record enables the victor to advance in rank. The upper divisions of juryo and makuuchi compete fifteen times during a basho and strive to obtain a record of 8-7 or greater to ensure that they improve their ranking. Obtaining a rank of juryo brings with it many benefits, including a monthly salary, personal servants, and special ceremonial and training mawashi to identify their rank. The sumotori that achieve makuuchi status become members of one of the most exclusive ranks in Japan. Within the Makuuchi division there are five levels. In progressive order, they are: maegashira, komusubi, sekiwake, ozeki (champion) and yokozuna (grand champion). The division typically has 30 maegashira. These sumotori advance or decline in the ranks based upon their performance in each successive basho. The top maegashira can be promoted to sanyanku, which is comprised of the top four ranks. Advancement within the sanyanku ranks is very difficult. In order to achieve ozeki status, a sekiwake needs to dominate for several bashos. Once the ozeki rank is attained, the sumotori can have only a single losing basho before demotion. In order to be promoted to yokozuna, a sumotori must win two successive bashos. There can be a maximum of four yokozuna at any point in time. Once a yokozuna’s career begins to slide, it is expected he will retire rather than continue in a manner not reflective of his rank.
|
